STW52NK25Z N-Channel MOSFET 250V 52A TO-247-3 Equivalent & Substitute Parts

Part Overview

The STW52NK25Z is an N-Channel MOSFET manufactured by STMicroelectronics, rated for 250V drain-to-source voltage with 52A continuous drain current at 25°C. This device features a TO-247-3 through-hole package and is part of the SuperMESH™ series. The part is currently classified as "Not For New Designs," making identification of functionally equivalent alternatives necessary for ongoing maintenance, repair, and legacy system support. Substitute parts must maintain compatibility with the TO-247-3 package footprint and deliver equivalent electrical performance within the specified parameter ranges.

Key Parameters

Parameter	Value	Unit
Drain-to-Source Voltage (Vdss)	250	V
Continuous Drain Current (Id) @ 25°C	52	A
On-State Resistance (Rds On) @ 26A, 10V	45	mOhm
Gate Threshold Voltage (Vgs(th)) @ 150µA	4.5	V
Gate Charge (Qg) @ 10V	160	nC
Power Dissipation (Max)	300	W
Operating Temperature Range	-55 to 150	°C
Package Type	TO-247-3	—
Mounting Type	Through Hole	—
RoHS Status	ROHS3 Compliant	—

Substitute Part Grouping Explanation

Substitution of the STW52NK25Z is determined by the following critical electrical and mechanical parameters:

Primary Substitution Criteria:

Drain-to-Source Voltage (Vdss): Must equal or exceed 250V
Continuous Drain Current (Id): Must equal or exceed 52A at 25°C
On-State Resistance (Rds On): Lower values indicate improved performance; values within ±15% of the original are acceptable
Gate Charge (Qg): Lower values reduce switching losses; values within ±30% are acceptable
Power Dissipation: Must equal or exceed 300W
Package: TO-247-3 or compatible TO-247 variants (TO-247AC, TO-247AD)
Mounting: Through-hole configuration required
Compliance: RoHS3 compliant; REACH unaffected

Secondary Compatibility Factors:

Operating temperature range: Minimum -55°C; maximum 150°C or higher
Gate voltage rating (Vgs Max): ±20V or ±30V acceptable
Input capacitance (Ciss): Values within ±25% acceptable

Substitute parts are grouped into two categories: Direct Equivalents (matching or exceeding all primary parameters with minimal trade-offs) and Performance Alternatives (meeting voltage and current requirements with acceptable variations in secondary parameters).

Parameter Comparison

Part Number	Manufacturer	Vdss (V)	Id @ 25°C (A)	Rds On (mOhm)	Qg (nC)	Power Diss. (W)	Temp Range (°C)	Package	Status
STW52NK25Z	STMicroelectronics	250	52	45	160	300	-55 to 150	TO-247-3	Not For New Designs
IRFP4229PBF	Infineon Technologies	250	44	46	110	310	-40 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP4332PBF	Infineon Technologies	250	57	33	150	360	-40 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP4768PBF	Infineon Technologies	250	93	17.5	270	520	-55 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP264PBF	Vishay Siliconix	250	38	75	210	280	-55 to 150	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP260NPBF	Infineon Technologies	200	50	40	234	300	-55 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP4227PBF	Infineon Technologies	200	65	25	98	330	-40 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IRFP90N20DPBF	Infineon Technologies	200	94	23	270	580	-55 to 175	TO-247AC	Active
IXFH88N30P	IXYS	300	88	40	180	600	-55 to 150	TO-247AD	Active
IXFH86N30T	IXYS	300	86	43	180	860	-55 to 150	TO-247AD	Active
IXFH94N30P3	IXYS	300	94	36	102	1040	-55 to 150	TO-247	Active

Engineering Selection Recommendations

Direct Equivalents (Recommended for Drop-In Replacement):

The IRFP4332PBF and IRFP4768PBF are the primary recommended substitutes. Both devices maintain the 250V Vdss rating, exceed the 52A continuous drain current requirement, and are manufactured by Infineon Technologies with Active product status. The IRFP4332PBF delivers 57A at improved on-state resistance (33 mOhm), while the IRFP4768PBF provides significantly higher current capability (93A) with superior thermal performance (360W and 520W respectively). Both are RoHS3 compliant and feature extended operating temperature ranges (-40°C to 175°C or -55°C to 175°C), providing enhanced reliability for legacy system support.

Voltage-Reduced Alternatives (Application-Dependent):

The IRFP4227PBF and IRFP260NPBF operate at 200V Vdss, which is 50V below the original specification. These parts are suitable only for applications where the actual operating voltage does not exceed 200V. The IRFP4227PBF offers superior current handling (65A) and lower on-state resistance (25 mOhm), making it advantageous for high-current, low-voltage applications. The IRFP260NPBF provides comparable current (50A) with improved thermal characteristics (300W).

Higher Voltage Alternatives (Over-Specification):

The IXFH88N30P, IXFH86N30T, and IXFH94N30P3 operate at 300V Vdss, exceeding the original 250V rating. These devices are suitable for applications requiring additional voltage margin or operating in higher-voltage systems. All three maintain or exceed the 52A current requirement and deliver superior power dissipation ratings (600W to 1040W). These parts are manufactured by IXYS with Active product status and RoHS3 compliance.

Marginal Substitutes (Not Recommended):

The IRFP264PBF delivers only 38A continuous drain current, falling below the 52A requirement of the STW52NK25Z. This part is unsuitable for direct replacement in applications requiring the full 52A rating.

All recommended substitutes are RoHS3 compliant, REACH unaffected, and available in through-hole TO-247 package variants compatible with the original TO-247-3 footprint.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can the IRFP4229PBF directly replace the STW52NK25Z?

A: The IRFP4229PBF is a partial substitute. It maintains the 250V Vdss rating and delivers comparable on-state resistance (46 mOhm vs. 45 mOhm). However, its continuous drain current rating is 44A, which is 8A below the STW52NK25Z specification of 52A. This part is suitable only for applications operating below 44A continuous current. The IRFP4332PBF or IRFP4768PBF are preferred for full-specification replacement.

Q: What is the difference between TO-247-3, TO-247AC, and TO-247AD packages?

A: All three are through-hole TO-247 package variants with identical pin configurations and footprints. TO-247-3 is the original designation, while TO-247AC and TO-247AD represent manufacturer-specific variants (Infineon and IXYS respectively). These packages are mechanically and electrically interchangeable for PCB mounting purposes. Pin assignments remain consistent across all variants.

Q: Why do some substitutes have lower Vdss ratings (200V) than the original (250V)?

A: Lower Vdss ratings reduce on-state resistance and improve current-handling capability at the cost of reduced voltage margin. The IRFP4227PBF (200V, 65A) and IRFP260NPBF (200V, 50A) are suitable only for applications where the actual operating voltage does not exceed 200V. If your circuit operates at or near 250V, these parts are not appropriate substitutes.

Q: Are higher Vdss-rated parts (300V) acceptable substitutes?

A: Yes. The IXFH88N30P, IXFH86N30T, and IXFH94N30P3 operate at 300V Vdss, providing additional voltage margin. These parts are electrically compatible with circuits designed for 250V operation and deliver superior thermal performance. Higher Vdss ratings do not compromise functionality in lower-voltage applications.

Q: What does "Not For New Designs" mean for the STW52NK25Z?

A: This status indicates that STMicroelectronics has discontinued active development and marketing of this part. While existing inventory remains available, the manufacturer recommends using alternative parts for new circuit designs. For legacy system maintenance and repair, the STW52NK25Z remains functional; however, substitutes with "Active" status are preferred for long-term availability and supply chain stability.

Q: How do I determine which substitute is best for my application?

A: Evaluate your circuit requirements against these criteria: (1) Required drain-to-source voltage (Vdss); (2) Maximum continuous drain current (Id); (3) Acceptable on-state resistance (Rds On) for thermal management; (4) Operating temperature range; (5) Available board space and thermal dissipation capability. The IRFP4332PBF is recommended for most direct replacements. The IRFP4768PBF is preferred for high-current applications. Lower-voltage alternatives (200V) require verification that circuit voltage does not exceed 200V.

Q: Are all substitute parts RoHS3 compliant?

A: Yes. All substitute parts listed in this reference are RoHS3 compliant and REACH unaffected, matching the environmental compliance status of the original STW52NK25Z.

Q: What is the significance of gate charge (Qg) differences between parts?

A: Gate charge affects switching speed and driver circuit requirements. Lower Qg values (e.g., IRFP4227PBF at 98 nC) reduce switching losses and allow faster switching frequencies. Higher Qg values (e.g., IRFP4768PBF at 270 nC) require more gate drive energy but may provide improved noise immunity. For most applications, Qg differences within ±30% are acceptable without circuit modification.

Q: Can I use the IRFP264PBF as a substitute?

A: The IRFP264PBF is not recommended. Its continuous drain current rating of 38A falls 14A short of the STW52NK25Z specification of 52A. This part is suitable only for applications requiring less than 38A continuous current. For full-specification replacement, use the IRFP4332PBF or IRFP4768PBF.

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