228CKS016M Equivalent & Substitute Parts Reference

Part Overview

The 228CKS016M is a 2200 µF, 16 V aluminum electrolytic capacitor in radial, can package manufactured by Cornell Dubilier / Illinois Capacitor. This component operates across -40°C to 85°C with a rated lifetime of 2000 hours at 85°C and is classified as Active product status. The part is ROHS3 compliant and suitable for general purpose applications requiring through-hole mounting with 5.00 mm lead spacing.

Equivalent and substitute parts are identified when design requirements permit relaxation of specific electrical or thermal parameters while maintaining core functional compatibility. Substitution becomes necessary when the primary part reaches end-of-life status, inventory constraints occur, or design specifications allow for improved performance characteristics such as extended lifetime or higher operating temperature ratings.

Key Parameters

Parameter	228CKS016M Value	Substitution Relevance
Capacitance	2200 µF	Must match exactly
Voltage Rating	16 V	Must match or exceed
Tolerance	±20%	Must match or be tighter
Package Type	Radial, Can	Must match
Lead Spacing	0.197" (5.00 mm)	Must match
Mounting Type	Through Hole	Must match
Operating Temperature	-40°C ~ 85°C	Substitute must cover this range
Lifetime @ Temperature	2000 Hrs @ 85°C	Substitute must meet or exceed
Polarization	Polar	Must match
RoHS Status	ROHS3 Compliant	Must maintain compliance

Substitute Part Grouping Explanation

Substitution logic for the 228CKS016M is based on the following criteria:

Core Electrical Parameters (Non-Negotiable):

Capacitance: 2200 µF (exact match required)
Voltage Rating: 16 V minimum (equal or higher acceptable)
Tolerance: ±20% (equal or tighter acceptable)
Polarization: Polar (exact match required)

Physical Parameters (Non-Negotiable):

Package Type: Radial, Can (exact match required)
Lead Spacing: 0.197" (5.00 mm) (exact match required)
Mounting Type: Through Hole (exact match required)
Case Diameter: 0.492" (12.50 mm) (exact match required)

Thermal & Reliability Parameters (Flexible Within Limits):

Operating Temperature Range: Must include -40°C to 85°C minimum
Lifetime: Must meet or exceed 2000 hours at rated temperature
ESR and Ripple Current: Substitute values must be compatible with circuit requirements

Compliance Parameters (Non-Negotiable):

RoHS Status: ROHS3 Compliant (must maintain)
REACH Status: REACH Unaffected (must maintain)

Substitute parts are categorized as Direct Substitutes (equivalent performance characteristics) or Upgrade Substitutes (enhanced thermal performance or extended lifetime at higher temperatures).

Parameter Comparison

Part Number	Manufacturer	Series	Capacitance	Voltage	Tolerance	Operating Temp	Lifetime @ Temp	Lead Spacing	Height (Max)	Product Status
228CKS016M	Cornell Dubilier / Illinois Capacitor	CKS	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 85°C	2000 Hrs @ 85°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.846" (21.50 mm)	Active
228CKE016M	Cornell Dubilier / Illinois Capacitor	CKE	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	2000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.846" (21.50 mm)	Active
ECA-1CM222	Panasonic Electronic Components	M-A	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 85°C	2000 Hrs @ 85°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active
UVR1C222MHD	Nichicon	UVR	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 85°C	2000 Hrs @ 85°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Not For New Designs
16YXJ2200M12.5X20	Rubycon	YXJ	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	10000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active
16ZLH2200MEFC12.5X20	Rubycon	ZLH	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	10000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active
16ZLJ2200M12.5X20	Rubycon	ZLJ	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	10000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active
16ZLS2200MEFC12.5X20	Rubycon	ZLS	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	6000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active
EEU-FR1C222	Panasonic Electronic Components	FR-A	2200 µF	16 V	±20%	-40°C ~ 105°C	10000 Hrs @ 105°C	0.197" (5.00 mm)	0.866" (22.00 mm)	Active

Engineering Selection Recommendations

Direct Substitutes (Equivalent Performance):

The 228CKE016M (Cornell Dubilier / Illinois Capacitor, CKE series) serves as a direct substitute with identical electrical specifications and package dimensions. This part maintains Active product status and extends the operating temperature range to 105°C with lifetime rated at 2000 hours at 105°C, providing improved thermal margin over the original 228CKS016M.

The ECA-1CM222 (Panasonic Electronic Components, M-A series) is a direct substitute matching the original operating temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) and lifetime specification (2000 hours at 85°C). This part is Active status and maintains identical electrical parameters with equivalent package dimensions.

The UVR1C222MHD (Nichicon, UVR series) is electrically and physically equivalent but carries "Not For New Designs" product status. This part is suitable only for legacy system maintenance or replacement applications where the original part is no longer available.

Upgrade Substitutes (Enhanced Thermal Performance):

The 16YXJ2200M12.5X20, 16ZLH2200MEFC12.5X20, 16ZLJ2200M12.5X20, and EEU-FR1C222 represent upgrade options with extended lifetime ratings of 10000 hours at 105°C. These parts maintain identical electrical specifications and package compatibility while providing superior reliability in elevated temperature environments. All are Active status products from established manufacturers (Rubycon and Panasonic).

The 16ZLS2200MEFC12.5X20 (Rubycon, ZLS series) offers intermediate thermal performance with 6000 hours lifetime at 105°C, suitable for applications requiring extended temperature operation without the highest reliability tier.

Voltage Upgrade Option:

The 25PX2200MEFC12.5X20 (Rubycon, PX series) and EEU-HD1E222 (Panasonic, HD series) provide 25 V rated voltage with 2200 µF capacitance. These parts are suitable only when circuit design permits higher voltage rating and are not direct substitutes for 16 V applications.

Compliance Verification:

All substitute parts maintain ROHS3 compliance and REACH Unaffected status, meeting regulatory requirements equivalent to the original 228CKS016M.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can I use a 25 V rated capacitor in place of the 16 V 228CKS016M?

A: The 25PX2200MEFC12.5X20 and EEU-HD1E222 are physically compatible and electrically functional in 16 V circuits. However, these are voltage upgrades, not direct substitutes. Use only when circuit design explicitly permits higher voltage rating or when the application benefits from increased voltage margin.

Q: What is the difference between Direct Substitutes and Upgrade Substitutes?

A: Direct substitutes (228CKE016M, ECA-1CM222, UVR1C222MHD) maintain identical operating temperature ranges and lifetime specifications as the original 228CKS016M. Upgrade substitutes (16YXJ2200M12.5X20, 16ZLH2200MEFC12.5X20, 16ZLJ2200M12.5X20, EEU-FR1C222) extend the operating temperature range to 105°C and provide longer lifetime ratings (6000 to 10000 hours at 105°C), suitable for applications requiring enhanced thermal performance.

Q: Why is the UVR1C222MHD marked "Not For New Designs"?

A: The UVR1C222MHD carries this status from the manufacturer, indicating it is retained for legacy system support only. For new designs, select from Active status alternatives such as 228CKE016M, ECA-1CM222, or upgrade options from Rubycon or Panasonic.

Q: Are all substitute parts identical in physical dimensions?

A: The original 228CKS016M has a maximum seated height of 0.846" (21.50 mm). Most substitute parts have a maximum seated height of 0.866" (22.00 mm). This 0.020" (0.50 mm) difference is within typical PCB design tolerances for through-hole components. Verify clearance in your specific application before substitution.

Q: What does ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) mean for capacitor selection?

A: ESR is the internal resistance of the capacitor measured at specified frequency. The original 228CKS016M specifies 151 mOhm @ 120 Hz. Lower ESR values (such as 17 mOhms in the 16ZLH2200MEFC12.5X20) indicate better high-frequency performance and lower heat generation. Higher ESR values indicate reduced performance in ripple current applications. Select based on your circuit's ripple current requirements.

Q: Can I substitute the 228CKS016M with a capacitor having different tolerance?

A: The original part specifies ±20% tolerance. Substitute parts with tighter tolerance (such as ±10%) are acceptable and provide improved capacitance accuracy. Substitutes with looser tolerance are not recommended. All listed substitutes maintain ±20% tolerance or tighter.

Q: What is the significance of ripple current ratings?

A: Ripple current is the AC current the capacitor can safely handle without exceeding temperature limits. The 228CKS016M specifies 1.555 A @ 120 Hz and 2.177 A @ 100 kHz. Substitute parts with equal or higher ripple current ratings are suitable. Lower ripple current ratings indicate reduced capability in high-ripple applications.

Q: Are all substitute parts RoHS3 compliant?

A: Yes. All substitute parts listed maintain ROHS3 compliance and REACH Unaffected status, meeting regulatory requirements equivalent to the original 228CKS016M.

Q: Which substitute offers the best long-term reliability?

A: The 16ZLH2200MEFC12.5X20 and EEU-FR1C222 both provide 10000 hours lifetime at 105°C, the highest reliability rating among all substitutes. These parts are suitable for applications requiring extended service life in elevated temperature environments.

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