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1N5993B-TP Zener Diode Equivalent & Substitute Parts
Part Overview
The 1N5993B-TP is a 5.1 V, 500 mW Zener diode manufactured by Micro Commercial Co in a DO-35 through-hole package. This component is classified as obsolete, indicating discontinuation from the original manufacturer. Equivalent and substitute parts are necessary to maintain design continuity, ensure supply chain availability, and support ongoing production or repair applications. Substitute components must maintain electrical equivalence across critical parameters including nominal Zener voltage, power dissipation rating, and package form factor.
Substiute Parts
Key Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage - Zener (Nom) | 5.1 | V |
| Tolerance | ±5% | — |
| Power - Max | 500 | mW |
| Impedance (Max) | 50 | Ohms |
| Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr | 2 | µA @ 2 V |
| Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If | 1.5 | V @ 100 mA |
| Operating Temperature | -65 to 200 | °C |
| Mounting Type | Through Hole | — |
| Package / Case | DO-35 (DO-204AH) | — |
| RoHS Status | ROHS3 Compliant | — |
Substitute Part Grouping Explanation
Substitute parts for the 1N5993B-TP are classified into two categories based on electrical and mechanical compatibility:
Direct Substitutes (Identical Electrical Specifications)
Direct substitutes maintain the same nominal Zener voltage (5.1 V), power rating (500 mW), tolerance (±5%), and DO-35 package form factor. These parts are functionally interchangeable in applications where the original 1N5993B-TP was specified. Direct substitutes include:
- 1N5231BTR (onsemi)
- 1N751A TR PBFREE (Central Semiconductor Corp)
- 1N5231B (Microchip Technology)
- 1N5231BDO35TR (Microsemi Corporation)
- 1N5231CTR (Fairchild Semiconductor)
- BZX79C5V1 (Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation)
- TZX5V1A-TAP (Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division)
- TZX5V1A-TR (Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division)
Similar Substitutes (Higher Power Rating)
Similar substitutes maintain the same nominal Zener voltage (5.1 V) and tolerance (±5%) but feature increased power dissipation capability (1 W) and a larger DO-41 package form factor. These parts are suitable for applications requiring higher power handling capacity:
- 1N4733A (Lumimax Optoelectronic Technology)
- 1N4733ATR (onsemi)
Parameter Comparison
| Part Number | Manufacturer | Vz (V) | Tolerance | Power (mW) | Zzt (Ohms) | Reverse Leakage @ Vr (µA) | Vf (Max) @ If | Temp Range (°C) | Package | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1N5993B-TP | Micro Commercial Co | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 50 | 2 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 100 mA | -65 to 200 | DO-35 | Obsolete |
| 1N5231BTR | onsemi | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 17 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.2 @ 200 mA | -65 to 200 | DO-35 | Active |
| 1N751A TR PBFREE | Central Semiconductor Corp | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 17 | 1 @ 1 V | 1.5 @ 200 mA | -65 to 200 | DO-35 | Active |
| 1N5231B | Microchip Technology | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 17 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 200 mA | -65 to 175 | DO-35 | Active |
| 1N5231BDO35TR | Microsemi Corporation | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 17 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 200 mA | -65 to 175 | DO-35 | Active |
| 1N5231CTR | Fairchild Semiconductor | 5.1 | ±2% | 500 | 17 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.1 @ 200 mA | -65 to 200 | DO-35 | Active |
| BZX79C5V1 | Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation | 5.1 | ±5% | 500 | 60 | 2 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 100 mA | -65 to 175 | DO-35 | Active |
| TZX5V1A-TAP | Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division | 5.1 | — | 500 | 100 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 200 mA | -65 to 175 | DO-35 | Active |
| TZX5V1A-TR | Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division | 5.1 | — | 500 | 100 | 5 @ 2 V | 1.5 @ 200 mA | -65 to 175 | DO-35 | Active |
| 1N4733A | Lumimax Optoelectronic Technology | 5.1 | ±5% | 1000 | 7 | 10 @ 1 V | 1.2 @ 200 mA | -65 to 200 | DO-41 | Active |
| 1N4733ATR | onsemi | 5.1 | ±5% | 1000 | 7 | 10 @ 1 V | — | -65 to 200 | DO-41 | Active |
Engineering Selection Recommendations
For Direct Replacement (DO-35 Package, 500 mW)
The following parts are recommended as direct replacements for the obsolete 1N5993B-TP:
1N5231BTR (onsemi) and 1N751A TR PBFREE (Central Semiconductor Corp) are preferred selections due to active product status and full compliance with ROHS3 standards. Both maintain the 5.1 V nominal voltage, ±5% tolerance, and 500 mW power rating in the DO-35 package. 1N5231CTR (Fairchild Semiconductor) offers tighter tolerance (±2%) and extended temperature range to 200°C, matching the original part's upper temperature limit.
1N5231B (Microchip Technology) and 1N5231BDO35TR (Microsemi Corporation) provide equivalent electrical performance with active status, though operating temperature is limited to 175°C. BZX79C5V1 (Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation) maintains electrical equivalence with impedance characteristics closely matching the original 1N5993B-TP (60 Ohms versus 50 Ohms).
TZX5V1A-TAP and TZX5V1A-TR (Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division) are automotive-grade components with AEC-Q101 qualification, suitable for applications requiring automotive reliability standards.
For Higher Power Applications (DO-41 Package, 1 W)
1N4733A (Lumimax Optoelectronic Technology) and 1N4733ATR (onsemi) are suitable when increased power dissipation capacity is required. These parts maintain the 5.1 V nominal voltage and ±5% tolerance but provide 1 W power rating in the larger DO-41 package. Physical package change requires PCB layout modification.
Compliance Considerations
All recommended direct substitutes are ROHS3 compliant. The 1N5231B (Microchip Technology) is noted as RoHS non-compliant and should be avoided in applications requiring RoHS compliance. All parts maintain REACH Unaffected status and EAR99 export classification.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Can I use a 1 W Zener diode (1N4733A or 1N4733ATR) as a direct replacement for the 1N5993B-TP?
A: The 1N4733A and 1N4733ATR maintain the same 5.1 V nominal voltage and ±5% tolerance, making them electrically compatible. However, they use the DO-41 package instead of the DO-35 package. Physical board layout modification is required. These parts are suitable only if the application can accommodate the larger package footprint and if higher power dissipation capability is beneficial or neutral to circuit operation.
Q: What is the difference between the 1N5231BTR and 1N5231B?
A: Both parts share the same base part number (1N5231) and maintain identical electrical specifications: 5.1 V nominal voltage, ±5% tolerance, and 500 mW power rating in the DO-35 package. The primary difference is packaging format: 1N5231BTR is supplied in Cut Tape (CT) format, while 1N5231B is supplied in Bulk format. Electrical performance is equivalent.
Q: Why do some substitute parts show different impedance values?
A: Impedance (Zzt) variation is a characteristic difference between manufacturers and part families. The original 1N5993B-TP specifies 50 Ohms maximum impedance. Substitute parts range from 7 Ohms (1N4733 series) to 100 Ohms (TZX5V1A series). Lower impedance generally indicates better voltage regulation characteristics. Higher impedance values remain within acceptable operating parameters for 5.1 V Zener applications but may exhibit slightly different dynamic response characteristics.
Q: Are the TZX5V1A-TAP and TZX5V1A-TR parts interchangeable?
A: Both parts are electrically identical with the same 5.1 V nominal voltage, 500 mW power rating, and DO-35 package. The difference is packaging format: TZX5V1A-TAP is supplied in Tape & Box (TB) format, while TZX5V1A-TR is supplied in Cut Tape (CT) format. Both are automotive-grade with AEC-Q101 qualification. Selection depends on procurement and assembly requirements.
Q: What is the significance of the ±2% tolerance on the 1N5231CTR compared to ±5% on other parts?
A: The 1N5231CTR offers tighter voltage tolerance (±2% versus ±5%), meaning the actual Zener voltage will remain closer to the nominal 5.1 V specification. This provides improved voltage regulation accuracy in applications sensitive to Zener voltage variation. The tighter tolerance may be beneficial in precision voltage reference circuits but is not required for general-purpose Zener applications.
Q: Can I substitute a part with a lower operating temperature range?
A: The original 1N5993B-TP operates from -65°C to 200°C. Several substitute parts (1N5231B, 1N5231BDO35TR, BZX79C5V1, TZX5V1A-TAP, and TZX5V1A-TR) are limited to -65°C to 175°C. Substitution is acceptable only if the application does not require operation above 175°C. For applications requiring the full -65°C to 200°C range, select 1N5231BTR, 1N751A TR PBFREE, 1N5231CTR, or the 1N4733 series.
Q: What does ROHS3 compliance mean for component selection?
A: ROHS3 compliance indicates the part meets Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive requirements, restricting lead and other hazardous materials. All recommended direct substitutes are ROHS3 compliant except 1N5231B (Microchip Technology), which is RoHS non-compliant. For applications subject to RoHS requirements, avoid the 1N5231B variant.
Q: Are there any automotive-qualified alternatives?
A: Yes. TZX5V1A-TAP and TZX5V1A-TR (Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division) are automotive-grade components with AEC-Q101 qualification. These parts are suitable for automotive and other applications requiring automotive reliability standards while maintaining the 5.1 V, 500 mW, DO-35 specifications.
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